近年，農(nóng)業(yè)對環(huán)境的影響引起國內(nèi)外的共同關(guān)注(Godfray et al., 2010, Science; Mueller et al., 2012,Nature)。全球特別是華北氮過量問題已經(jīng)引起各國科學(xué)家的高度關(guān)注（Liu et al., 2009; Ju et al., 2009)。肥料的過度使用和不恰當(dāng)?shù)氖┯脮r機(jī)和方法導(dǎo)致了低養(yǎng)分利用效率和環(huán)境污染，特別是高產(chǎn)區(qū)。全球平均氮回收率為59％，而我國部分地區(qū)小麥的僅28.2％，玉米26.1％，甚至僅10%左右。過量的氮磷通過淋溶和徑流損失，導(dǎo)致飲用水污染（Tilman et al., 1999），導(dǎo)致湖泊、水庫、河口、沿海地帶富營養(yǎng)化、地下水污染、飲用水中硝態(tài)氮濃度升高。
中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所李發(fā)東研究員與其研究團(tuán)隊(duì)自2010年起，通過區(qū)域上對黃河下游引黃灌區(qū)至黃河三角洲地區(qū)的大規(guī)模調(diào)查采樣，文獻(xiàn)資料分析，建立黃河下游引黃灌區(qū)不同水體的理化數(shù)據(jù)庫、同位素、硝酸鹽、重金屬物質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)庫，進(jìn)行地表水-地下水水質(zhì)演化過程研究；借助于水化學(xué)和同位素等方法，解析了生態(tài)水文過程對農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)運(yùn)移的影響及其環(huán)境效應(yīng)；進(jìn)而從流域尺度層面解析黃河下游引黃灌區(qū)農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)的分布格局-過程-機(jī)理；為評價農(nóng)業(yè)對區(qū)域環(huán)境的影響提供了數(shù)據(jù)支撐。
研究結(jié)果顯示，黃河下游引黃灌區(qū)區(qū)域上地表水體中的重金屬含量高于地下水，重金屬的空間分布與水體流向呈現(xiàn)一定的相關(guān)性，研究區(qū)強(qiáng)烈的地表水-地下水交互作用影響了重金屬的空間分布，同時農(nóng)業(yè)活動和工業(yè)活動增加了水體重金屬的含量。相關(guān)研究成果發(fā)表于Science of the Total Environment, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, Water Science and Technology 等雜志。
該研究在中科院“百人計(jì)劃”和自然基金項(xiàng)目（NO.31170414、41271047和41201514）的共同資助下完成。
主要相關(guān)研究論文：
1. Li Jing, Li Fadong*, Liu Qiang, Zhang Yan, Zhao Guangshuai. Trace metal pollution and its transfer in surface water and groundwater in a Yellow River alluvial fan: evidence from isotopes and hydrochemistry. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 472, 979–988 (SCI).
2. Li Jing, Li Fadong*, Liu Qiang, Zhang Yan, Zhao Guangshuai, Ouyang Zhu. Influence of long term fertilization on the crop production and soil quality on a new-born land: a case study in the Yellow River Delta in China. Agronomy Journal. 2014, 106(1): 143-151 (SCI).
3. Li Jing, Li Fadong*, Liu Qiang, Song Shuai, Zhang Yan, Zhao Guangshuai. Impacts of Yellow River irrigation practice on trace metals in surface water: a case study in the Henan-Liaocheng Irrigation Area, China. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment. 2014, 20(4): 1042-1057 (SCI).
4. Li Jing, Li Fadong*, Song Shuai, Zhang Yan, Zhao Guangshuai, Liu Qiang. Spatial distribution and sources of dissolved trace metals in surface water of the Wei River, China. Water Science and Technology. 2013, 67(4): 817-823 (SCI).
5. Shuai Song, Fadong Li*, Jing Li & Qiang Liu. Distribution and Contamination Risk Assessment of dissolved trace metals in surface waters in the Yellow River Delta. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 2013, 19:1514-1530 (SCI).
6. Shuai Song, Xilai Zheng, Fadong Li*, Shoubo Tian, Guoqing Lin. Flood Routing Simulation and System Customization in a High Leakage River Channel in China. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 2013.139:656-663 (SCI).
